From November 2018, the so-called "Gilets Jaunes" movement turned the French political agenda upside down. The members of this unconventional group began protesting against fuel tax rises and quickly extended their claims to denounce broader economic injustices and financial insecurity.
Extremely heterogeneous, the movement has often been infiltrated by violent factions leading to riots and clashes with the police, and distracting from the original reasons for the protests.
The response of the French police has been severe, often using arbitrary or disproportionate force. These abuses were strongly criticised by several international human rights organisations, including Amnesty International.
The use of dangerous weapons, such as rubber bullets and tear gas grenades, resulted in hundreds of injuries and even four deaths.